Good morning PeacefulEarth1054!
When Greek civilization first developed around the 8th century BC, the political regime of the many city-states that composed it was the monarchy.
During the 5th century BC. JC, Athens developed a political regime that was very different from the others; democracy. The word democracy comes from two words; demos which means people and cratos which means power. People in power. It is therefore the people who take the decisions concerning the management of the State by means of a vote.
The polis of Athens had many political institutions in order to manage the city :
-Ekklesia: an assembly of citizens voting on decisions, which met 3 to 4 times a month on the hill of Pnyx.
-Boule: administration of the city.
-Dikasteria: people's court which administered justice and applied the laws.
-Strategos: represents military power. They presented projects and had them voted in Ekklesia. They also collected taxes.
-Archons: supervised trials and presided over religious ceremonies.
Let us know if we can help you with anything else!:)
-Marilee