Tips for Problem Solving

Concept sheet | Mathematics

There are four steps to solving a written problem: reading the problem, constructing mathematical sentences, solving the operations and giving the solution to the problem. In a way, a problem is an enigma posed to us.

Step 1: Reading the Problem

Obviously, the first thing to do is to carefully read the problem to be solved. As you read, you need to pay attention and identify :

  • the essential data to solve the problem

  • unnecessary information

  • the question to be answered.

After reading, only the essential information is retained.

Example

Sophie is 14 years old. She wants to buy a bicycle costing 100 dollars. She saves 10 dollars a week. In how many weeks will she be able to buy the bike?

  • Sophie is 14: useless data

  • She wants to buy a bicycle costing 100 dollars: essential information

  • She saves 10 dollars a week: essential information

  • In how many weeks will she be able to buy the bike: question

Step 2: Constructing Mathematical Sentences

After the first step, we retain the essential data for the problem. With this data, we need to construct a mathematical sentence, i.e. a series of operations that we need to solve to find the answer to the problem.

Example

Price of bike ÷ money saved per week = number of weeks needed

100 ÷ $10 per week = number of weeks needed

To construct mathematical sentences, you need to be able to identify the key words associated with addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

Step 3: Solve the Operations

Once you have constructed the mathematical sentence, you need to carry out the operations it contains.

Example

100 ÷ $10 per week = 10 weeks

Step 4: Provide a Solution to the Problem

After making the necessary calculations, you need to give the answer to the problem in the form of a sentence. Don't forget to specify the unit of measurement for the answer.

Example

In this example, we can write the answer like this: Sophie will be able to buy her bike in 10 weeks. If you only answer ‘10’, the answer is incomplete.