Conversation

Concept sheet | English Language Arts
Definition

A conversation is 2 or more people talking together.

Formal vs. Informal Conversation

The context and the people involved in a conversation affect the language used. Generally speaking, conversations can be formal or informal.

Formal conversations are official and impersonal.

Formal Conversation Contexts

Job interview

Giving a speech

First time meeting someone

Official ceremonies

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Informal conversations are casual with people we know.

Informal Conversation Contexts

Chat with friends/family

Dinner parties

Game night

Talking with coworkers you know well

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Greetings

Greetings are used to begin a conversation.

Common Greetings

Used both in formal and informal conversations.

  • Hello

  • Hi

  • Good morning

  • Good afternoon

  • Good evening

  • How are you?

Receptionist greeting someone.
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Someone coming in for a job interview.
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Formal Greetings

Formal greetings are impersonal and keep a certain distance between the speakers.

  • It is a pleasure to meet you

  • How do you do?

  • Nice to meet you

  • Pleased to meet you

A guy introducing himself at an interview.
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A person introducing himself at an interview.
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Informal Greetings

Informal greetings are casual and used with people we know very well.

  • Hey!

  • Yo!

  • What’s up?

  • Good to see you!

  • Long time no see!

  • What’s new?

Two people meeting at the supermarket.
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Two people meeting at the supermarket.
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Greetings Exercise

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Identification

Identifications are used to introduce and ask about another person or yourself. Identifications are often used with greetings.

Introducing Yourself

  • My name is . . .

  • I’m . . .

  • Let me introduce myself, I’m . . .

  • I don’t think we’ve met. I’m . . .

A guy introducing himself when coming in for a job interview.
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A guy introducing himself at a job interview.
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Introducing Another Person

  • This is . . .

  • Meet . . .

  • This is my friend . . .

  • Let me introduce you to . . .

  • I’d like you to meet . . .

  • Have you met . . .

A woman introducing someone coming in for a job interview.
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A woman introducing someone coming in for a job interview.
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Asking About Someone

  • What is your name?

  • Who is . . .?

  • And you are . . .?

  • Which group are you in?

  • Who’s your partner for the project?

A guy asking about the new employee in the office.
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An employee asking another employee his name.
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Identifications & Greetings Exercise

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Goodbyes

Goodbyes are used at the end of conversations, to close it.

Most Common Goodbyes

  • Goodbye

  • Bye

  • See you later

  • Have a good day

  • See you tomorrow

Coworkers saying goodbye at the end of the workday.
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Coworkers saying goodbye at the end of the workday
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Formal Goodbyes

Formal goodbyes are used when ending a conversation with people you don’t know very well and in official settings.

  • Enjoy your evening

  • I must be going

  • I have got to go

  • It was nice meeting you

  • It was nice talking to you

  • It was a pleasure

  • it was a pleasure meeting you

  • The pleasure was mine

3 people at the opera, saying goodbyes.
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3 people at the opera, saying goodbyes.
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Informal Goodbyes

Informal goodbyes are used to end casual conversations with people you know very well. 

  • Bye bye

  • Take care

  • Good night

  • Okay, thanks

  • Until next time

  • See you

  • Talk to you later

  • Have a good one

  • Gotta go

  • Take it easy

  • Catch you later

A guy and a girl standing in front of a door, saying good night.
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A guy and a girl standing in front of a door, saying good night.
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Tip

Goodbyes are often used in combination by using 2 expressions together. The most common combinations are done by adding a phrase to the words Goodbye or Bye. It can be added before or after.

Adding before:

Adding after:

See you later, goodbye!

It was nice meeting you, goodbye!

Goodbye, see you later!

Goodbye, it was nice meeting you.

See you tomorrow, bye!

Have a good day, bye!

Bye, see you tomorrow!

Bye, have a good day!

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Goodbyes Exercise

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Thanks

Thanks are used to express gratitude, appreciation and recognition. Thanks can be given or accepted.

Saying Thanks

  • Thank you

  • Thank you very much

  • Thank you so much

  • Thanks

  • Thanks a lot

  • Thanks for everything

  • I owe you

  • I owe you one

  • I’m so grateful

  • Much appreciated

  • You’re a lifesaver

  • You’re the best

Woman offering to open the door to someone with his hands full.
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Woman opening the door for someone with his hands full.
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Accepting Thanks

  • You are welcome

  • You are most welcome

  • You’re welcome

  • Welcome

  • It’s my pleasure

  • My pleasure

  • The pleasure’s mine

  • That’s okay

  • Anytime

  • Glad to help

  • Not at all

  • Just doing my job

  • Don’t mention it

Woman offering homemade cookies to a coworker.
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A coworker leaving with all the cookies.
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Thanks Exercise

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Apologies

Apologies are used to express regret, to say you are sorry and to ask for forgiveness.

Giving Apologies

  • I’m sorry

  • Sorry

  • I apologize

  • My apologies

  • Please, accept my apologies

  • Please, forgive me

  • Forgive me

  • Excuse me

  • Pardon me

  • I didn’t mean to . . .

A woman apologizing for splashing her soda on her coworker when opening the can.
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A woman apologizing for splashing her soda on her coworker when opening the can.
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Accepting Apologies

  • That's okay

  • It’s okay

  • That's alright

  • It’s alright

  • Don't worry about it

  • Don't mention it

  • Don't apologize

  • Forget about it

  • It doesn't matter

  • No harm done

  • No need to apologize

  • Never mind

  • You couldn't help it

  • I quite understand

A coworker accepting an apology.
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A coworker accepting an apology.
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Apologies Exercise

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Interruptions

Interruptions are used when you need to say something and someone is busy or already talking.

  • Excuse me

  • I’m sorry to interrupt

  • Pardon me

  • Pardon me for interrupting

  • Can I interrupt?

  • I’m sorry about this, but . . . 

  • Before you continue . . .

A person interrupting a presentation during a staff meeting.
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A person interrupting a presentation during a staff meeting.
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Interruptions Exercise

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Fillers

Fillers are used to get more time to think or react to what was said.

  • I mean . . .

  • I think . . .

  • All right . . .

  • Well . . .

  • Let’s see . . .

  • I’ll think about it . . .

  • I’m thinking about it . . .

  • Let me think about it

  • Hold on a second

  • Can I have a minute?

A person showing his hideous clothes matching skills to his coworker.
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An employee making a way too long presentation to his boss.
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Fillers Exercise

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Warnings

Warnings are used to warn people of a situation or an upcoming situation.

  • Be careful!

  • Watch out!

  • Look out!

  • You’d better . . .

  • I wouldn’t do that if I were you

Someone warning a coworker carrying a lot of boxes on a trolley and not seeing the stairs in front of him.
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Someone who wants to blow up a balloon to jump scare a coworker.
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Warnings Exercise

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Reassurances

Reassurances are used to comfort, reduce worry and generally support people.

  • You’ll be fine

  • It will be alright

  • The same thing happened to me

  • It’s not important

  • It’s okay

  • No problem

  • Don’t worry about it

  • That’s all right

  • It doesn’t matter

A person reassuring a friend who dropped her phone and broke it.
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A person bringing coffee to a coworker who has tons of paper piles on her desk.
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Reassurances Exercise

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On the Phone

Phone conversation phrases are used to call, answer, reply and take messages.

Answering the Phone

Answering a Personal Call

  • Hello?

  • Good morning!

  • Good afternoon!

Answering the Phone at Work

  • Hello, this is . . 

  • Jenna speaking.

  • Alloprof, how may I help you?

  • Alloprof, Jenna speaking. How may I help you?

  • Thank you for calling Alloprof. How can I help you?

Someone answering her cell phone.
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Someone answering the phone at work.
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Asking to Speak to Someone

  • Hello, may I speak to Steve?

  • Hello, I would like to speak to Steve, please.

  • Hi, can I talk to Steve?

  • Hi, is Steve there?

  • Hi! Steve, please.

Someone answering her cell phone.
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Someone answering the phone at work.
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Replying to a Call

Replying to a personal call:

  • Yes, it’s me.

  • Speaking.

  • Sorry, you have the wrong number.

Replying to a call at work:

  • One moment please.

  • One minute please.

  • Yes, it’s me.

  • Please hold.

  • I’ll place you on hold.

  • I’ll transfer you.

  • I will connect you right away.

A person asking to speak with someone over the phone.
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A person asking to speak with someone over the phone.
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Reason for Calling

  • Hello, I’m calling about . . .

  • Hello, I’d like some information about…

  • Hello, could you tell me . . .?

  • Hello, I was wondering if you could . . .

  • Hi! Can you help with . . .?

  • Hi! Can you tell me . . .?

  • Hello! I have a question about…

A person making a call to ask for information
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A person making a call to ask for information.
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Offering to Take a Message

  • May I take a message?

  • Would you like to leave a message?

  • He’s not available. Do you have a message?

  • Sorry, she’s not here. Can I give her a message?

  • May I ask who’s calling?

  • What is your number?

Someone taking a message on the phone for another person who spilled coffee all over himself
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Someone taking a message on the phone for someone else who's leaving.
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Leaving a Message

  • This is Ray. Can he call me back at 555-2368?

  • Yes, can he call me back?

  • Ask him to call me back.

  • My name is . . .

  • This is . . . 

  • My number is . . .

  • You can reach me at . . .

A person in a warehouse leaving a message on the phone.
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A person working in a bookstore leaving a message on the phone.
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On the Phone Exercise

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