Subjects
Grades
Multiplying Numbers | Elementary
Concept sheet | Mathematics
What is multiplication?
Multiplication is an operation that makes it possible to repeat a number or a quantity a certain number of times.
In multiplication, the multiplied numbers are called factors. The result of a multiplication is called the product.
To find out what the × and = symbols mean, you can read the glossary of mathematical symbols.
How to multiply using repeated addition?
To find the product, a multiplication can be represented as a series of repeated additions using a picture or objects. For example, tokens or cubes can be used to help with the calculations.
The multiplication statement 5 × 7 means adding a group of 7 five times.
5 × 7 = 35
The multiplication statement 4 × 244 means adding a group of 244 four times.
244 + 244 + 244 + 244 = 976
4 × 244 = 976
Video
Multiplying Numbers Using Repeated Addition (Grade 3 - 4)
Moments in the video:
- 00:00-Introduction
- 00:20-Example 1
- 01:00-Example 2
- 01:53-Conclusion
Exercise
How to perform column multiplication?
- I write the numbers one below the other, aligning the digits according to their place value. The smaller number should be written at the bottom.
- I multiply the bottom number by the digit in the ones position of the top number. If there are tens in the result, “regroup” them above the number in the tens position of the top number.
- I repeat step 2 for all digits. Do not forget to add the regrouped number (if present).
6 × 239 = ?
I write the number 6 at the bottom since it is smaller than 239. |  |
6 × 9 = 54 |  |
6 × 3 = 18 6 × 2 = 12 |
  |
6 × 239 = 1 434