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Energy transformation is an electrical function performed by any electrical component capable of transforming electrical energy into another form of energy.
A light bulb, a heating element and an electric motor are components that transform energy in an electrical circuit.

The light bulb in a flashlight
A light bulb transforms electrical energy into radiant energy.

The heating element in a toaster
A heating element transforms electrical energy into thermal energy.

The motor in an electric toy car
An electric motor element transforms electrical energy into mechanical energy.