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A fraction often represents a part of a whole or a part of a set.
Examples:
When a circle is divided into 2 equal pieces, each part represents 1 part out of 2. When there are 2 objects, each object represents 1 object out of 2.

In a fraction, the number below the fraction bar (line) represents the number of equal parts into which the whole has been separated.

The number above the fraction bar (line) represents the number of equal parts being used.

A fraction can be represented in different ways: using circles, rectangles, or a set of objects.
Read the following concept sheet to learn more.